Optimization of Urban Mobility: Potential and Limitations of the Mobility as a Service Model
Abstract
Mobility as a service (MaaS) is a system implemented in the transport infrastructures of cities around the world. MaaS is aimed at improving the convenience and quality of intercity transportation, optimizing passenger traffic, and ensuring sustainable development. Since the service was developed based on management needs, and not on the basis of actual passenger demand, there is not always a direct link between user needs and the proposed solutions of MaaS. The article reveals a contradiction between whether MaaS meets the requirements of users and MaaS being no more than an artificial tool that is superimposed on existing transport infrastructure. The article provides a detailed analysis of the features of the transport behavior of passengers, as well as the goals and objectives embedded in MaaS systems. As a result of coding the variables “MaaS tasks” and “Passenger needs”, the possibilities and limitations of the service are demonstrated, the main tasks of a new system of sustainable urban transport planning, and the needs of citizens while traveling, are highlighted and categorized. The needs and features of passengers may fade into the background as part of the development of new mobility services and may not coincide with user requirements. The research show that only a small part of all goals assigned to new, often digital, systems are related to the interests of users. The lack of balance and the predominance of administrative tasks makes it difficult to achieve the sustainable functioning of mobility systems and, in the long term, does not allow for efficient mobility.
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