Подходы к разработке типологии малых городов в контексте актуальных для России практик стран БРИКС
Ключевые слова:
малый город, типология, страны БРИКС, Россия, социальноэкономическое развитие
Аннотация
В статье подводятся итоги исследования и систематизации лучших практик социально-экономического развития малых городов стран БРИКС и их применимость для развития российских малых городов. Приведена типология малых городов стран БРИКС, особое внимание уделено четырем странам: Китаю, Бразилии, Индии и ЮАР. Проанализированы разработанные в Российской Федерации типологии малых городов. Предложен вариант типологии малых городов России с учетом опыта рассмотренных стран БРИКС, а также существующих типологий: возрастающие города, центры обслуживания разного размера (крупные и малые), монофункциональные промышленные города разного размера (крупные и малые), туристические города (курорты), исторические города.
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Литература
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Corrêa, R. L. (2011). As pequenas cidades na confluência do urbano e do rural. GEOUSP Espaço e Tempo (Online), 15(3), 5–12.
Da Silva, P. F. J., & Sposito, E. S. (2009). Discussão geográfica sobre cidades pequenas. Geografia, 34(2), 203–217.
De Castro, C. P., et al. (2020). Socio-economic urban scaling properties: Influence of regional geographic heterogeneities in Brazil. PLoS One, 15(12), e0242778.
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Fahmi, F. Z., et al. (2014). Extended urbanization in small and medium-sized cities: The case of Cirebon, Indonesia. Habitat International, 42, 1–10.
Fang, C., & Yu, D. (2016). China's new urbanization. Springer.
Firman, T. (2009). The continuity and change in mega-urbanization in Indonesia: A survey of Jakarta–Bandung Region (JBR) development. Habitat International, 33(4), 327–339.
Firman, T., Kombaitan, B., & Pradono, P. (2007). The dynamics of Indonesia's urbanisation, 1980–2006. Urban Policy and Research, 25(4), 433–454.
Guin, D. (2019). Contemporary perspectives of small towns in India: A review. Habitat International, 86, 19–27.
Hamid, M. S., & Abdel Wahab, S. A. (2023). Rehabilitation approach for small cities in Egypt. International Design Journal, 13(1), 221–232.
Hegazy, I., Seddik, W., & Ibrahim, H. (2017). Towards green cities in developing countries: Egyptian new cities as a case study. International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies, 12(4), 358–368.
Hoogendoorn, G., & Nel, E. (2018). Small town change in South Africa. В G. Hoogendoorn & E. Nel (Ред.), The geography of South Africa: Contemporary changes and new directions (с. 153–158). Springer International Publishing.
Hoogendoorn, G., & Visser, G. (2016). South Africa's small towns: A review on recent research. Local Economy, 31(1–2), 95–108.
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Leão, C. S. (2010). Reflexões sobre o desenvolvimento e as pequenas cidades: análise das cidades de Dracena e Ouro Verde-SP. Caderno prudente de geografia, 32, 135–153.
Mahmoud, A. H. A., & El-Sayed, M. A. (2011). Development of sustainable urban green areas in Egyptian new cities: The case of El-Sadat City. Landscape and Urban Planning, 101(2), 157–170.
Mardiansjah, F. H., Rahayu, P., & Rukmana, D. (2021). New patterns of urbanization in Indonesia: Emergence of non-statutory towns and new extended urban regions. Environment and Urbanization ASIA, 12(1), 11–26.
Mehriar, M., Masoumi, H., & Mohino, I. (2020). Urban sprawl, socioeconomic features, and travel patterns in middle east countries: A case study in Iran. Sustainability, 12(22), 9620.
Mohammed, I., Kosa, A., & Juhar, N. (2020). Economic linkage between urban development and livelihood of peri-urban farming communities in Ethiopia (policies and practices). Agricultural and Food Economics, 8, 1–17.
National Treasury of the Republic of South Africa. (2018). Urbanisation, structural transformation and rural-urban linkages in South Africa. Cities Support Programme.
Nijman, J. (2012). India's urban challenge. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 53(1), 7–20.
NITI Aayog. (2022). Cities as engines of growth. Режим доступа: https://www.niti.gov.in/sites/default/files/202205/Mod_CEOG_Executive_Summary_18052022.pdf (дата обращения: 20.05.2025).
Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. (n.d.). Census of India. Режим доступа: https://censusindia.gov.in/census.website/ (дата обращения: 20.05.2025).
Plecher, H. (2020). Urbanization in South Africa 2019. Statista. Режим доступа: https://www.statista.com/statistics/455931/urbanization-in-south-africa/ (дата обращения: 20.05.2025).
Rezvani, M. R., & Mansourian, H. (2013). Developing small cities by promoting village to town and its effects on quality of life for the local residents. Social Indicators Research, 110, 147–170.
Riad, P., et al. (2020). Landscape transformation processes in two large and two small cities in Egypt and Jordan over the last five decades using remote sensing data. Landscape and Urban Planning, 197, 103766.
Shaalan, I. (2013). Sustainable urban transformation in small cities in Egypt: A UN-habitat perspective. Journal of Cleaner Production, 50, 200–204.
Song, Y., Stead, D., & de Jong, M. (2020). New town development and sustainable transition under urban entrepreneurialism in China. Sustainability, 12(12), 5179.
South African Government. (2025). Local government. Режим доступа: https://www.gov.za/about-government/government-system/local-government (дата обращения: 20.05.2025).
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Statistical Centre of Iran. (n.d.). Режим доступа: https://www.amar.org.ir/en/ (дата обращения: 20.05.2025).
Talebzadeh, M. (2012). Ma'ni va mafhum shahr-e kuchak [Meaning and concept of the small city]. Режим доступа: https://mirheydartalebzadeh.blogfa.com/post/22 (дата обращения: 20.05.2025).
The State Council of the People's Republic of China. (2014). Notice of the State Council on adjusting the standards for city size classification. Режим доступа: https://english.www.gov.cn/policies/latest_releases/2014/11/25/content_281475015213546.html (дата обращения: 20.05.2025).
The World Bank. (n.d.). GDP (current US$). Режим доступа: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD (дата обращения: 20.05.2025).
Tripathi, S. (2021). Towards sustainable urban system through the development of small towns in India. Regional Science Policy & Practice, 13(3), 777–798.
Tripathi, S., & Mitra, A. (2022). Shedding light on unnoticed gems in India: A small town's growth perspective. Land Use Policy, 120.
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. (2024). World population prospects 2024. Режим доступа: https://www.un.org/development/desa/pd/world-population-prospects-2024 (дата обращения: 20.05.2025).
Urban Policy Platform. (2015). National urban policy and smart city strategy in I.R. Iran. Режим доступа: https://urbanpolicyplatform.org/download/national-urban-policy-and-smart-city-strategy-document-final-version/ (дата обращения: 20.05.2025).
Vandercasteelen, J., et al. (2018a). Big cities, small towns, and poor farmers: Evidence from Ethiopia. World Development, 106, 393–406.
Vandercasteelen, J., et al. (2018b). Cities and agricultural transformation in Africa: Evidence from Ethiopia. World Development, 105, 383–399.
World Population Review. (2025). United Arab Emirates cities. Режим доступа: https://worldpopulationreview.com/cities/united-arab-emirates (дата обращения: 20.05.2025).
Опубликован
2026-04-20
Как цитировать
ПознанскаяС. А., МолодцоваВ. А., МокренскийД. Н., АрцыбашеваК. В., & АшурковаМ. О. (2026). Подходы к разработке типологии малых городов в контексте актуальных для России практик стран БРИКС. Городские исследования и практики, 11(1), 30-44. https://doi.org/10.17323/usp111202630-44
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