Живучесть городов
Аннотация
Положит ли COVID-19 конец тому возрождению, которое многие американские города переживают с 1980-х годов?
В этой статье предпринят выборочный обзор обширной литературы о долгосрочных последствиях стихийных бедствий. На данный момент хорошо задокументирована долговременная устойчивость городов ко многим формам физических разрушений, включая бомбардировки, землетрясения и пожары. Уничтожение человеческого капитала может оставить более длительный отпечаток, но за последние тысячелетия города успешно пережили множество эпидемий. Напротив, экономические и политические потрясения, включая деиндустриализацию или потерю столичного статуса, могут нанести городу огромный ущерб. Эти факты говорят о том, что пандемия COVID-19 существенно изменит судьбы городов только в том случае, если будет сопровождаться серьезными экономическими сдвигами, такими как повсеместный переход на удаленную работу, или политическими переменами, которые заставят бизнес и богатых людей покидать городские районы. Сочетание возросших возможностей для переезда с ростом перераспределительной политики на местах, или ухудшением уровня благоустройства, или и тем и другим может воссоздать некоторые из ключевых атрибутов городского кризиса 1970-х годов.
Скачивания
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