Связи самооценок интеллекта и личности с толерантностью к неопределенности и свойствами Темной Триады у руководителей
Ключевые слова:
самооценка интеллекта, самооценка личности, Темная Триада, нарциссизм, психопатия, макиавеллизм, толерантность к неопределенности
Аннотация
В данном исследовании мы представляем эмпирические результаты связей трех личностных свойств Темной триады – субклинического нарциссизма, субклинической психопатии и макиавеллизма, с толерантностью к неопределенности и прямыми самооценками интеллекта и личности. Связи оценивались на группе взрослых респондентов, занимающих руководящие должности. Выраженность измеряемых личностных свойств определялась посредством опросников. В методиках самооценки участников просили оценить свой коэффициент интеллекта (IQ), используя график нормального распределения, и аналогичным образом – определить, где располагается их личность на графике с полюсами «плохой» и «хороший» при двух условиях: (1) на данный момент и (2) при иных обстоятельствах. Обнаружилось, что чем выше руководители оценивали свой интеллект, тем «лучше» они определяли себя как личность. Кроме того, менеджеры с высокой толерантностью к неопределенности выше оценивали свой интеллект и себя как личность как в настоящий момент, так и в случае изменения обстоятельств. Наконец, менеджеры с более высоким уровнем нарциссизма и макиавеллизма выше оценивали свой интеллект и личность. Руководители с низким уровнем субклинической психопатии склонны предполагать, что их личность будет «лучше» в других обстоятельствах. Когнитивные и личностные компоненты саморегуляции и самосознания могут рассматриваться как сложная и многомерная область для дальнейших исследований, так как, помимо прочих факторов, самооценка является прямой и косвенной связью между такими рассматриваемыми личностными свойствами, как толерантность к неопределенности, и свойствами Темной триады.
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Литература
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25. Kornilova, T. V., Kornilov, S. A., Chumakova, M. A., & Talmach, M. S. (2015). Metodika diagnostiki lichnostnykh chert “temnoi triady”: aprobatsiya oprosnika “Temnaya Dyuzhina” [Diagnostic method for the Dark Triad personality traits: the Dark Dozen Questionnaire approbation]. Psikhologicheskii Zhurnal, 36(2), 99-112.
26. Kornilova, T. V., & Novikova M. A. (2012). Self-assessed intelligence, personality, and psychometric intelligence: Preliminary validation of a model with a selected student population. In Yu. P. Zinchenko, V. F. Petrenko (Eds.), Psychology in Russia: State of the Art. Scientific Yearbook (Vol. 5, pp.33-49). Moscow: Moscow University Press; Russian Psychological Society.
27. Kowalski, R. M. (Ed.). (2001). Behaving badly: Aversive behaviors in interpersonal relationships.Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
28. Krasavtseva, Y. V., & Kornilova, T. V. (2016). Svojstva temnoj triady v reguljacii strategij prinjatija reshenij (na materiale igrovoj zadachi ajova - IGT) [The Dark Triad traits in the regulation of decision-making strategies]. Vestnik MGOU, 2, 22-33.
29. Lee, K., & Ashton, M. C. (2005). Psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and narcissism in the Five-Factor Model and the HEXACO model of personality structure. Personality and Individual Differences, 7, 1571-1582.
30. Leontiev, A. N. (1975). Deyatel’nost’. Soznanie. Lichnost’ [Activity. Consciousness. Personality]. Moscow: Politizdat.
31. Molchanova, O. N. (2010). Samootsenka. Teoreticheskie problemy i empiricheskie issledovaniya [Self-evaluation. Theoretical issues and empirical research]. Moscow: Flinta.
32. Novikova, M. A., & Kornilova, T. V. (2013). Self-assessed intelligence, psychometric intelligence, personality and academic achievement: Two structural models. In M. Gowda, & A.Khanderia (Eds.), Educational achievement: Teaching strategies, psychological factors and economic impact (pp.197-212). New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
33. Paulhus, D. L., & Williams, K. M. (2002). The dark triad of personality: Narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy. Journal of Research in Personality, 6, 556-563.
34. Pomerantz, E. M., & Ruble, D. N. (1997). Distinguishing multiple dimensions of conceptions of ability: Implications for self evaluation. Child Development, 6, 1165-1180.
35. Reichard, R. J., Riggio, R. E., Guerin, D. W., Oliver, P. H., Gottfried, A. W., & Gottfried, A. E. (2011). A longitudinal analysis of relationships between adolescent personality and intelligence with adult leader emergence and transformational leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 22(3), 471-481.
36. Resick, C. J., Whitman, D. S., Weingarden, S. M., & Hiller, N. J. (2009). The bright-side and the darkside of CEO personality: examining core self-evaluations, narcissism, transformational leadership, and strategic influence. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(6), 1365.
37. Rokeach, M. (1960). The open and closed mind. Oxford: Basic Books.
38. Sokolova, E. T. (2009). Nartsissizm kak klinicheskii i sotsiokul’turnyi fenomen [Narcissism as a clinical and socio-cultural phenomenon]. Voprosy Psikhologii, 1, 67-80.
39. Sokolova, E. T. (2014). Utrata Ja: klinika ili novaja kul’turnaja norma? [The loss of self: a clinical phenomenon or a new cultural norm?] Epistemology and Philosophy of Science, 3(40), 191-209.
40. Stolin, V. V. (1983). Samosoznanie lichnosti [Self-awareness of the personality]. Moscow: Moscow University Press.
41. Tikhomirov, O. K. (1984). Psikhologiya myshleniya [Psychology of thought]. Moscow: Moscow University Press.
42. Vygotsky, L. S. (1934). Myshlenie i rech’ [Thinking and speech]. Moscow, Leningrad: Uchpedgiz.
43. Zeigarnik, B. V. (1986). Patopsikhologiya [Pathopsychology]. Moscow: Ripol Klassik.
44. Znakov, V. V. (2002). Makkiavelizm, manipulyativnoe povedenie i vzaimoponimanie v mezhlichnostnom obshchenii [Machiavellianism, manipulative behavior and rapport in interpersonal communication]. Voprosy Psikhologii, 6, 45-54.
2. Beyer, S. (1999). Gender differences in the accuracy of grade expectancies and evaluations. Sex Roles, 41(3-4), 279-296.
3. Book, A., Visser, B. A., & Volk, A. A. (2015). Unpacking “evil”: Claiming the core of the Dark Triad. Personality and Individual Differences, 73, 29-38.
4. Borozdina, L. V. (2011). Sushchnost’ samootsenki i ee sootnoshenie s Ya-kontseptsiei [The essence of selfevaluation and its relationship with self-concept]. Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seriya 14. Psikhologiya, 1, 54-65.
5. Burke, C. J., & Tobler, P. N. (2011). Reward skewness coding in the insula independent of probability and loss. Journal of Neurophysiology, 106(5), 2415-2422.
6. Cavazotte, F., Moreno, V., & Hickmann, M. (2012). Effects of leader intelligence, personality and emotional intelligence on transformational leadership and managerial performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 23(3), 443-455.
7. Chamorro Premuzic, T., & Furnham, A. (2006). Self-assessed intelligence and academic performance. Educational Psychology, 26, 769-779.
8. Chatterjee, A., & Hambrick, D. C. (2007). It’s all about me: Narcissistic chief executive officers and their effects on company strategy and performance. Administrative Science Quarterly, 3, 351-386.
9. Den Hartog, D. N., & Belschak, F. D. (2012). Work engagement and Machiavellianism in the ethical leadership process. Journal of Business Ethics, 107(1), 35-47
10. Egorova, M. S., Sitnikova, M. A., & Parshikova, O. V. (2015). Adaptatsiya Korotkogo oprosnika Temnoi triady [The adaptation of the short version of the Dark Triad questionnaire]. Psikhologicheskie Issledovaniya, 8(43), 1. Retrieved from http://psystudy.ru
11. Furnham, A. (1994). A content, correlational and factor analytic study of four tolerance of ambiguity questionnaires. Personality and Individual Differences, 3, 403-410.
12. Furnham, A. (2001). Self-estimates of intelligence: Culture and gender difference in self and other estimates of both general (g) and multiple intelligences. Personality and Individual Differences, 8, 1381-1405.
13. Furnham, A., Richards, S.C., & Paulhus, D. L. (2013). The Dark Triad of personality: A 10 year review. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 3, 199-216.
14. Hare, R. D. (1999). Without conscience: The disturbing world of the psychopaths among us. New York: Guilford Press.
15. Hare, R. D., & Vertommen, H. (1991). The Hare psychopathy checklist-revised. North Tonawanda:, NY: Multi-Health Systems, Incorporated.
16. Jonason, P. K., & Webster, G. D. (2010). The dirty dozen: a concise measure of the dark triad. Psychological Assessment, 2, 420.
17. Judge, T. A., Colbert, A. E., & Ilies, R. (2004). Intelligence and leadership: a quantitative review and test of theoretical propositions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(3), 542.
18. Khoo, H. S., & Burch, G. S. J. (2008). The “dark side”of leadership personality and transformational leadership: An exploratory study. Personality and Individual Differences, 44(1), 86-97.
19. Kornilova, T. V. (2010a). Novyi oprosnik tolerantnosti k neopredelennosti [The new questionnaire for tolerance of uncertainty]. Psikhologicheskii Zhurnal, 31(1), 74-86.
20. Kornilova, T. V. (2010b). Printsip neopredelennosti v psikhologii: osnovaniya i problem [The principle of uncertainty in psychology: basis and issues]. Psikhologicheskie Issledovaniya, 3, 11. Retrieved from http://psystudy.ru
21. Kornilova, T. V. (2011). Dinamicheskoe funkcionirovanie intellektual’no-lichnostnogo potenciala cheloveka v psihologicheskoj reguljacii reshenij i vyborov [Dynamic functioning of human intellectual-personality potential in psychological regulation of decisions and choices]. Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seriya 14. Psikhologia, 1, 66-78.
22. Kornilova, T. V. (2015). The principle of uncertainty in psychology of choice and risk. Psikhologicheskie Issledovaniya, 8(40), 3. Retrieved from http://psystudy.ru
23. Kornilova, T. V. (2016). Intellektual’no-lichnostnyi npotentsial cheloveka v usloviyakh neopredelennosti i riska[The individual’s intellectual and personality potential in uncertain and risky conditions]. Saint Petersburg: Nestor-Istoriya.
24. Kornilova, T. V., Chumakova, M. A., Kornilov, S. A., & Novikova, M. A. (2010). Psikhologia neopredelennosti: edinstvo intellektualno-lichnostnogo potenziala cheloveka[Uncertainty psychology: the unity of an individual’s intellectual and personality potential]. Moscow: Smysl.
25. Kornilova, T. V., Kornilov, S. A., Chumakova, M. A., & Talmach, M. S. (2015). Metodika diagnostiki lichnostnykh chert “temnoi triady”: aprobatsiya oprosnika “Temnaya Dyuzhina” [Diagnostic method for the Dark Triad personality traits: the Dark Dozen Questionnaire approbation]. Psikhologicheskii Zhurnal, 36(2), 99-112.
26. Kornilova, T. V., & Novikova M. A. (2012). Self-assessed intelligence, personality, and psychometric intelligence: Preliminary validation of a model with a selected student population. In Yu. P. Zinchenko, V. F. Petrenko (Eds.), Psychology in Russia: State of the Art. Scientific Yearbook (Vol. 5, pp.33-49). Moscow: Moscow University Press; Russian Psychological Society.
27. Kowalski, R. M. (Ed.). (2001). Behaving badly: Aversive behaviors in interpersonal relationships.Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
28. Krasavtseva, Y. V., & Kornilova, T. V. (2016). Svojstva temnoj triady v reguljacii strategij prinjatija reshenij (na materiale igrovoj zadachi ajova - IGT) [The Dark Triad traits in the regulation of decision-making strategies]. Vestnik MGOU, 2, 22-33.
29. Lee, K., & Ashton, M. C. (2005). Psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and narcissism in the Five-Factor Model and the HEXACO model of personality structure. Personality and Individual Differences, 7, 1571-1582.
30. Leontiev, A. N. (1975). Deyatel’nost’. Soznanie. Lichnost’ [Activity. Consciousness. Personality]. Moscow: Politizdat.
31. Molchanova, O. N. (2010). Samootsenka. Teoreticheskie problemy i empiricheskie issledovaniya [Self-evaluation. Theoretical issues and empirical research]. Moscow: Flinta.
32. Novikova, M. A., & Kornilova, T. V. (2013). Self-assessed intelligence, psychometric intelligence, personality and academic achievement: Two structural models. In M. Gowda, & A.Khanderia (Eds.), Educational achievement: Teaching strategies, psychological factors and economic impact (pp.197-212). New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
33. Paulhus, D. L., & Williams, K. M. (2002). The dark triad of personality: Narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy. Journal of Research in Personality, 6, 556-563.
34. Pomerantz, E. M., & Ruble, D. N. (1997). Distinguishing multiple dimensions of conceptions of ability: Implications for self evaluation. Child Development, 6, 1165-1180.
35. Reichard, R. J., Riggio, R. E., Guerin, D. W., Oliver, P. H., Gottfried, A. W., & Gottfried, A. E. (2011). A longitudinal analysis of relationships between adolescent personality and intelligence with adult leader emergence and transformational leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 22(3), 471-481.
36. Resick, C. J., Whitman, D. S., Weingarden, S. M., & Hiller, N. J. (2009). The bright-side and the darkside of CEO personality: examining core self-evaluations, narcissism, transformational leadership, and strategic influence. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(6), 1365.
37. Rokeach, M. (1960). The open and closed mind. Oxford: Basic Books.
38. Sokolova, E. T. (2009). Nartsissizm kak klinicheskii i sotsiokul’turnyi fenomen [Narcissism as a clinical and socio-cultural phenomenon]. Voprosy Psikhologii, 1, 67-80.
39. Sokolova, E. T. (2014). Utrata Ja: klinika ili novaja kul’turnaja norma? [The loss of self: a clinical phenomenon or a new cultural norm?] Epistemology and Philosophy of Science, 3(40), 191-209.
40. Stolin, V. V. (1983). Samosoznanie lichnosti [Self-awareness of the personality]. Moscow: Moscow University Press.
41. Tikhomirov, O. K. (1984). Psikhologiya myshleniya [Psychology of thought]. Moscow: Moscow University Press.
42. Vygotsky, L. S. (1934). Myshlenie i rech’ [Thinking and speech]. Moscow, Leningrad: Uchpedgiz.
43. Zeigarnik, B. V. (1986). Patopsikhologiya [Pathopsychology]. Moscow: Ripol Klassik.
44. Znakov, V. V. (2002). Makkiavelizm, manipulyativnoe povedenie i vzaimoponimanie v mezhlichnostnom obshchenii [Machiavellianism, manipulative behavior and rapport in interpersonal communication]. Voprosy Psikhologii, 6, 45-54.
Опубликован
2018-11-05
Как цитировать
КрасавцеваЮ. В. (2018). Связи самооценок интеллекта и личности с толерантностью к неопределенности и свойствами Темной Триады у руководителей. Психология. Журнал Высшей школы экономики, 15(1), 54-68. https://doi.org/10.17323/1813-8918-2018-1-54-68
Выпуск
Раздел
Интеллект, толерантность к неопределенности, мотивация и самосознание личности
